‘Reduce inequalities: a very important goal for 2030
In our world lots of inequality still exists. the UN has decided to reduce it by 2030
Introduction:
Agenda 2030 is a plan of action for people, the planet and prosperity. It also seeks to strengthen universal peace throughout the world. Agenda 2030 has 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets which we are announcing today. They focus on the three main parts of sustainable development: the economy, equality, and environment.
We recognise that eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the greatest global challenge and a permanent goal for sustainable development. We are resolved to free the human race from the tyranny of poverty and want to heal and secure the future of our planet.
Logo of the Agenda 2030, these are the 17 goals of the
sustainable development
The tenth goal:
The goal of reducing inequalities is the tenth goal of the agenda 2030. The full title is: “Reduce inequality within and among countries.”
This sustainable development goal calls for reducing inequalities in income as well as those based on age, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion, economic or other status within a country. Global inequalities represents one of the greatest obstacles to sustainable development and the fight against poverty. Jk
In recent years, inequalities have increased in many countries. This polarisation
also represents a serious threat to social and political stability as it limits the possibilities of some sectors of society to participate in social, political, cultural and economic life and to make a useful contribution.
Therefore, the tenth goal aims to reduce inequalities within states and between states themselves.
Logo of the U.N. for the tenth goal
Which are the main inequalities in the world and how can we reduce them?
The four main types of inequalities in the world are:
- Global Income inequality: is the extent to which income is distributed unevenly in a group of people.
- Global Pay inequality. A person’s pay is different to their income. Pay refers to payment from employment only.
- Global Wealth inequality: refers to the total amount of assets of an individual or household.
- Global Political inequality: is the difference brought about by the ability to access governmental resources which therefore have no civic equality.
The major examples of social inequality include income gap, gender inequality, health care, and social class. In health care, some individuals receive better and more professional care compared to others. South America, China, India, Costa Rica, Brazil, Mexico, Chile and Turkey have the widest gaps between rich and poor.
Inequality is growing for more than 70% of the global population, which increases the risks of social unrest and reduces economic and social development. However if we work together as a country, and a world, we can reduce inequality.
Targets and Indicators of the 10th goal (of U.N.):
There are 10 targets and 11 indicators
- Target 1: Reduce income inequalities
The full title is: “By 2030, progressively achieve and sustain income growth of the bottom 40 percent of the population at a rate higher than the national average.”
The Indicator is: Growth rates of household expenditure or income per capita among the bottom 40 percent of the population and the total population. - Target 2: Promote universal social, economic and political inclusion
The full title is: “By 2030, empower and promote the social, economic and political inclusion of all, irrespective of age, sex, disability, race, ethnicity, origin, religion or economic or other status.”
The Indicator is: Proportion of people living below 50 per cent of median income, by age, sex and persons with disabilities. - Target 3: Ensure equal opportunities and end discrimination
The full title is: “Ensure equal opportunity and reduce inequalities of outcome, including by eliminating discriminatory laws, policies and practices and promoting appropriate legislation, policies and action in this regard.”
The Indicator is: Proportion of the population reporting having personally felt discriminated against or harassed within the previous 12 months on the basis of a ground of discrimination prohibited under international human rights law. - Target 4: Adopt fiscal and social policies that promotes equality
The full title is: “Adopt policies, especially fiscal, wage and social protection policies, and progressively achieve greater equality.
The Indicator is: Labour share of GDP, comprising wages and social protection transfers. - Target 5: Improved regulation of global financial markets and institutions
The full title is: “Improve the regulation and monitoring of global financial markets and institutions and strengthen the implementation of such regulations.”
The Indicator is: Financial Soundness Indicators. - Target 6: Enhanced representation for developing countries in financial institutions
The full title is: “Ensure enhanced representation and voice for developing countries in decision-making in global international economic and financial institutions in order to deliver more effective, credible, accountable and legitimate institutions.”
The Indicator is: Proportion of members and voting rights of developing countries in international organizations. - Target 7: Responsible and well-managed migration policies
The full title is: “Facilitate orderly, safe, regular and responsible migration and mobility of people, including through the implementation of planned and well-managed migration policies.”
Target 7 has 2 indicators:
Indicator. 1 is: Recruitment cost borne by employee as a proportion of yearly income earned in country of destination.
The Indicator. 2 is: Number of countries that have implemented well-managed migration policies. - Target 8: Special and differential treatment for developing countries
The full title is: “Implement the principle of special and differential treatment for developing countries, in particular least developed countries, in accordance with World Trade Organization agreements.”
The Indicator is: Proportion of tariff lines applied to imports from least developed countries and developing countries with zero-tariff. - Target 9: Special and differential treatment for developing countries
The full title is: “Encourage official development assistance and financial flows, including foreign direct investment, to States where the need is greatest, in particular least developed countries, African countries, small island developing States and landlocked developing countries, in accordance with their national plans and programmes.”
The Indicator is: Total resource flows for development, by recipient and donor countries and type of flow (e.g. official development assistance, foreign direct investment and other flows). - Target 10: Reduce transaction costs for migrant remittances
The full title is: “By 2030, reduce to less than 3 per cent the transaction costs of migrant remittances and eliminate remittance corridors with costs higher than 5 per cent.”
The Indicator is: Remittance costs as a proportion of the amount remitted.
Bianca Grizzetti